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Glossary:
Bone mouth Shar-Pei: The traditional type Shar-Pei. "Gwat zhui" in Cantonese. "Gwat" means bone, "zhui" means mouth.
Bone-meat mouth Shar-Pei: The in between type between bone and meat mouth Shar-Pei. A term commonly used in Hong Kong and China. Called tweener in the west by some people which should stands for something "in-between". "Gwat yok zhui" in Cantonese. "Gwat" means bone, "yok" means meat, and "zhui" means mouth.
Butterfly nose: A term used to describe the nose of a Shar-Pei. The word butterfly actually refers to the name of a kind of cookie found in the area of Guangdong. In Cantonese is called "Wu dip sou". "Wu dip" means butterfly, and "sou" means biscuit or cookie. This "Chinese" cookie is actually an import from the west. Very much like the vegetable tomato. Tomato is as much "Chinese" as "Western".
Cart pushing leg: Describe the condition of hindquarter. When in motion, can extend and strong like when pushing a cart forward. "Toi che bei" in Cantonese. "Toi" for push, "che" for cart, and "bei" means thigh. This is not to be mistaken as a straight stifle.
Chamfa ear: Erect ear or pricked ear. Although this is not a preferred Shar-pei ear, however, it is an accepted practice among breeders in Hong Kong and China to employ a dog with this type of ears in their breeding program if all other traditional bone mouth features are of exceptionally good quality. "Chamfa" stands for a pair of decorative triangular ornament used to decorate the small family shrine in each household. A religious display common in Guangdong province. The Chinese use this auspicious symbol to name this type of ear for Shar-pei represents acceptance and respect for this original and primitive canine trait. In short, Chamfa ear is an accepted in breeding program but definitely not a preferred ear for Shar-pei.
Chu ghon sik: "Chu" for pig, "ghon" for liver, and "sik" for color in Cantonese, meaning pig liver color.
Clam shell ear: A type of button ear but thick and small in proportion to head. Looks like a pair of small clam shells resting on top of the skull. "Hinhok yi" in Cantonese. "Hinhok" meaning clam shell and "yi" meaning ear. Care must be taken to differentiate this from a folded ear which is a kind of hereditary deformed and shrunken ear. A true Clam shell ear is very lively and react sharply to the surrounding sound with movement.
Coin tail: Description of a curled spiral whip tail of Shar-pei. "Kam chin mei" in Cantonese. "Kam chin" means coin and "mei" means tail.
Dam cheung mei: "Dam" means carry, "cheung" means spear, and "mei" means tail. Refer to spear tail.
Five Point Red Shar-Pei: A type of Shar-Pei with liver red pigmentation for eyes (surrounding skin), nose, tongue, anus, and foot pad,Priced for good fortune by the Chinese. In China, a red color stands for live and prosperity. "Ng hong" in Cantonese. "Ng" means five, and "hong" means red. Although not mentioned specifically in any Shar-Pei breed standards, this is a popular color priced by bone mouth fancier in Hong Kong and China. The consensus on this color combination is very strong among Chinese regardless of bone mouth or meat mouth fancier. This is a difficult color preference to reconcile with the breed standard when it concern with the color of the tongue. Because of the recognition of this Five Point Red by the Chinese, therefore, flowered tongue is acceptable. Otherwise, there could not be possibly any room for recognition of Five Point Red. Although not accepted in show and not preferred, a red to pink tongue should be acceptable for breeding if all other traditional bone mouth features are of exceptionally good quality similar in case to the Chamfa ear. But unlike Chamfa ear, it is said that all blue, flowered and pink tongue were equally acceptable in the good old days. In fact, some older Chinese even thought that a blue tongue is "poisonous" in contrast to a healthy "red" tongue. Because the blue tongue pigmentation trait is quite strong, it is very easy to get the blue tongue again. Of course it would be great if the show standard can relaxed in future to include pink to red tongue also, but for the time being, we will have to live with blue tongue as the show standard but once again this should not discourage us to keep a pink tongue if all other traditional bone mouth features are of exceptionally good quality.
Fungus ear: (see "Wan yi" below.)
Gaap la zhui: "Gaap la" for toad and "zhui" for mouth in Cantonese, meaning toad mouth, description for a kind of mouth of Shar-pei vs. "Nga tung zhui" or roof tile mouth. The muzzle of toad mouth is shorter than that of a roof tile mouth.
Garlic claw: Description on the toes of foot; construction of the phalanges giving an outward appearance of a garlic bulb. This is a traditional term used to describe a Tang dog foot and NOT a Shar-pei foot. A Shar-Pei foot should look knuckled instead of smooth and round like a garlic bulb.
Gwat yok zhui: "Gwat" means bone, "yok" means meat, and "zhui" means mouth. Same as tweener or bone-meat mouth.
Gwat zhui: "Gwat" means bone, "zhui" means mouth. Simply means bone mouth.
Hinhok yi: "Hinhok" meaning clam shell and "yi" meaning ear. Refer to Clam shell ear.
Kam chin mei: "Kam chin" means coin and "mei" means tail in Cantonese. See coin tail for details.
Kwa leem mei: "Gua" means hanging, "lim" means sickle, and "mei" means tail. See Sickle tail. This sickle refers to the Chinese sickle and not the western sickle. The R of Chinese sickle is less curved than a western sickle.
Meat mouth Shar-pei: The Shar-pei commonly seen in the west with many wrinkles and thick padding around muzzle. Some refer to as the modern type Shar-pei. "Yok zhui" in Cantonese. "Yok" means meat, "zhui" means mouth.
Ng hong: "Ng" means five, and "hong" means red in Cantonese. Refer to Five Point Red for detail.
Nga tung zhui: "Nga tung" means clay roof tile, and "zhui" means mouth. But mouth here actually refer to the muzzle part. See Roof tile mouth for detailed description. Muzzle of "Nga tung zhui" is longer than that of "Gaap la zhui" or toad mouth.
Pig liver color: Used to describe color of Shar-pei. It is a reddish liver color. An important color used to describe the Five Point Red. "Chu ghon sik" in Cantonese. "Chu" for pig, "ghon" for liver, and "sik" for color.
Roof tile mouth: Describe the shape of muzzle in the form of a Chinese clay roof tile. "Nga tung zhui" in Cantonese. "Nga tung" means clay roof tile, and "zhui" means mouth. This is a very important description of a bone mouth Shar-pei. A "Nga tung" is convex smooth surface. This means that there should be no padding, cushion on the surface. Looking straight from the front, there should be a clean smooth roof tile between 10 and 2 o'clock on the clock surface. This is the most important feature differentiating between a bone mouth and a meat mouth.
Rusty black: Not a pure black. Color like rusted pig iron. "Tit sau wu" in Cantonese. "Tit" meaning iron, "sau" meaning rust, and "wu" meaning black. So literally meaning black like rusted iron.
Sau ji tau: Chinese character of "Longevity" on the forehead. "Sau" means longevity, "ji" means character, and "tau" means head.
Shar-Pei: Sandy skin, coarse skin in Cantonese. Pronounced "sha pi" in Putonghua or Mandarin.
Sickle tail: Describe the tail carriage of Shar-pei. A whip like tail curved like a sickle pointing toward the head. "Kwa leem mei" in Cantonese. "Kwa" means hanging, "leem" means sickle, and "mei" means tail. This sickle refers to the Chinese sickle and not the western sickle. The R of Chinese sickle is less curved than a western sickle.
Spear tail: Describe the tail carriage of Shar-pei. A whip tail straight like a spear pointing up into the sky. "Dam cheung mei" in Cantonese. "Dam" means carry, "cheung" means spear, and "mei" means tail.
Tit sau wu: "Tit" meaning iron, "sau" meaning rust, and "wu" meaning black or darkness. So literally meaning black with a reddish tone like rusted iron or Rusty black. The closest western equivalent in description of this color may be the "seal color" as described in the glossary of the AKC Dog Book. It described "seal" as a color which "appears black except that it has a red cast when viewed in the sun or bright light.
Toad mouth: Describe the shape of mouth. A wide and deep mouth with well developed Maxilla of jaw. Imagine the mouth of a Pit Bull Terrier just beneath the skull and disregarding the muzzle. "Gaap la zhui" in Cantonese. "Gaap la" for toad and "zhui for mouth. The muzzle of toad mouth is shorter than that of a roof tile mouth.
Toi che bei: "Toi" for push, "che" for cart, and "bei" means thigh in Cantonese. Refers to the condition of the hind quarter in motion which can extend straight like when pushing a cart forward. This is not to be mistaken as a straight stifle.
Traditional Shar-Pei: The type of Shar-pei originally found in area around Dali (Dailek) in the Guangdong province.
Tweener: Same as bone-meat mouth, or "Gwat yok zhui" in Cantonese.
Wan yi: This is a term used to describe a traditional Shar-pei's ear. A type of button ear but thick, wavy and small in proportion to head. "Wan yi" in Cantonese means a kind of edible tree fungus found in China. The appearance of this tree fungus is flat and fleshy, almost triangular in shape. "Wan yi" together with "Hinhok yi" are the most favored Shar-pei ears by traditional fanciers. In western term the closest equivalent is Rose ear. Care must be taken when dealing with "Wan yi" because it is often related to constricted ear canal.
Wu dip sou: A Cantonese term used to describe the nose. "Wu dip" means butterfly, and "sou" means biscuit or cookie. See Butterfly nose.
Wu lo tau: A term used to describe the shape of Shar-pei head. "Wu lo" means calabash, "tau"...head. Refer to Calabash head.
Yok zhui: "Yok" means meat, "zhui" means mouth. Simply means meat mouth Shar-pei.
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Introduction
